Publications

The assumptions of constant characteristics across spatial locations and constant characteristics across time points facilitates estimation in a multivariate spatial-temporal model. A test based on the nonparametric bootstrap in proposed to verify these assumptions. The simulation studies confirm that the proposed test procedures are powerful and correctly sized.

Empirical studies in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health have documented significant disparities in risk behaviors and health outcomes across sexual orientation and gender identity. One such disparity lies in tobacco use. Surveys based on representative samples (Jabson, Farmer, & Bowen, 2014; Manalastas, 2012; Tang et al., 2004) as well as meta-analyses (Lee, Griffin & Melvin, 2009; Marshal et al., 2008) indicate that gender and sexual minorities generally have disproportionately higher rates of smoking than heterosexuals. This paper builds on previous research in the Philippines that presented initial evidence for cigarette smoking disparities among sexual-minority youth (Manalastas, 2012). We examine this issue again using a different nationally representative sample of Filipino men. Analysis of archival data from the National Demographic and Health survey Showed evidence for disparities in tobacco use based on sexual-minority status. Current smoking was disproportionately higher among sexual-minority men (67%) than heterosexual men (54%). Filipino sexual-minority men also began smoking significantly earlier—about a year—than heterosexual men. No differences in smoking volume was found—both sexual-minority and heterosexual Filipino male smokers smoked an average of 10-11 sticks a day. The findings point to one important disparity in Filipino LGBT health risks: the need to address the disproportionately higher uptake of tobacco use, one of the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, among sexual-minority Filipino men.

Despite the many documented benefits of exercise and physical activity on physical and psychological health, only a small percentage of Filipinos engages in regular exercise according to national surveys. Regular participation in leisure-time physical activities, such as exercise and sport, is positively associated with reduced anxiety and depression, enhanced mood and improved psychological well-being. Earlier studies have demonstrated that different motives may operate behind participation in various types of physical activity such as exercise (physical activity that is volitional, purposive and requires simple motor skills) versus sport (physical activity that is usually competitive, has organized rules and requires complex motor skills). In order to extend existing literature on sport and exercise psychology in the Philippine setting, motives for exercise participation versus sport engagement of Filipino university students were examined. Specifically, three hypotheses were tested: (1) That health and fitness motives are more associated with exercise than sport; (2) That motives concerning weight management and appearance are related more to exercise than sport, and (3) Motives related to social engagement figure in participation in sport more than in exercise. One hundred ninety-four university students from Metro Manila, Philippines completed two versions of the Exercise Motivation Inventory 2 (EMI-2, Kilpatrick et al. 2005, Markland & Ingledew 1997) to differentiate motives for exercise versus for sport participation. All three hypotheses were supported. Furthermore, enjoyment appeared to be an important factor in sport engagement. Implications for program design and physical activity promotion among Filipinos are also discussed.

This essay is a close reading of The Care Divas, a Filipino musical revolving around the struggle of five Filipino caregivers in Israel who also struggle with their sexual identities as bakla (Filipino homosexual). The analysis is both an affirmation and a critique of the performance. In the affirmation, the musical is argued to present a social reality that is intended for and in need of interrogation: the Filipino bakla. The musical implicitly features the bakla as a cosmopolitan. At the outset, this cosmopolitan disposition comes from the fact that the characters are migrant workers (caregivers). But more importantly, the cosmopolitan character is from a responsibility toward the other anchored within a genuine caring as implicated in the affective labor of these caregiver characters. In the critique, the essay marks some problematic limitations in the treatment of the bakla. In doing so, the musical, despite its attempt to present a social reality, is a problem play, a social drama touching social issues—realistic in approach, but the representation seems like an editorial. In the final analysis, The Care Divas is argued to seemingly fail because artists are not able to see the complexity of their chosen subject in a bigger picture.

We demonstrate molecular beam epitaxy growth of p-InAs layers on GaAs-buffered GaSb that may be suitable for terahertz applications. GaAs buffer deposition is initiated by applying growth interruption. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction shows that GaAs growth proceeds to a quasi-two-dimensional growth mode. The scheme allows growth of a p-InAs layer 600 nm to 1.0 µm thick. Growth performed without GaAs and growth interruption resulted in decomposition of the p-InAs. When the scheme is used, the ensuing p-InAs first follows quasi-two-dimensional growth before favoring faceted islanding. Under 800-nm-wavelength femtosecond laser excitation, the p-InAs layer generates terahertz signals 70% of that of bulk p-InAs.

Ang aklat na ito ay unang bahagi ng serye ng dalawang aklat na kritikal na pag-aaral sa pinagdaanang kasaysayan ng wikang pambansa ng Pilipinas. Sa unang bahagi ng serye, tinalunton ang naging papel ng mga institusyon, indibidwal, at grupo o mga samahan kaugnay ng pagbubuo ng bansa sa pamamagitan ng wikang pambansa, sa panahon ng Amerikano at Hapon, hanggang sa pagkakamit ng kalayaan noong 1946. Partikular na tinalagay dito ang papel ng mga indibidwal na Amerikano na hindi sumang-ayon sa patakarang pangwika ng gobyernong Amerikano sa Ingles, ang mga indibidwal na Pilipinong karamiha’y mga manunulat at peryodista, at mga samahang pangwika na nabuo sa panahong iyon bilang reaksiyon sa pagdomina ng Ingles lalo na sa larangan ng edukasyon. Naglista rin ng mga pahayagang nalimbag sa panahong iyon na tumalakay sa mga isyung pangwika. Ang bilang o dami ng mga pahayagang ito, di lang sa Pilipinas kundi maging sa Amerika ay nagpatunay na gintong panahon ng pamamahayag at pagsusulat ng mga saloobin at opinyon ang panahong ito.

One of the contentious phases in the formulation of a legislation is the period of interpellations. In this stage of the law-making process, proposed bills are scrutinized and revised by congressional actors, as each puts forward her/his respective ideas, interjections and/or expressions of support. As an institutional procedure, the period of interpellations is the stage where the dynamics of contention and compromise become evident through the interaction of the policy positions of lawmakers regarding the specific policy dimensions and issues which a certain bill raises.Policy positions require narratives that embody ideas, rationalizations and justifications of a dissenting or preferred stance towards issues. Needless to say, raising these during the committee and floor debates of a congressional body reflects how these positions are deemed important by policy actors. Suffice it to say that in the period of interpellations, multiple narratives interact in a discursive space where an ideas, concept and argument is either refuted and filtered out from a proposed bill, or is sustained enough to be authorized into a legislation. Interestingly, therefore, one may argue that any legislation represents a composite of narratives that have “survived” such a contentious condition. In this context, the proposed paper will discuss the rationalization of renewable energy in the Philippines, focusing on the policy positions and narratives which animated the formulation of the Renewable Energy Act of 2008 (R.A. 9513) at the level of the Philippine Senate. It is argued that the emergence of contending policy positions is brought about by a priori "conditions of contentiousness" vis-a-vis how decision-makers view issues within policy dimensions. Utilizing mixed method conversation analysis of the documented floor debates during the period of interpellation, the paper will identify and discuss the policy dimensions and the issues of contention among decision-makers. The paper will also map the relationship and dynamics of these policy positions based on the substance and manner by which they were framed, argued and rationalized. Finally, the results of the analysis will be used to gather insights that explain the dominant and prevailing discourse(s) which serve as the foundation of this piece of legislation.

A strong reliance on tourism is one of the Philippines’s key strategies to attain economic growth and security. This requires infrastructures and scenic locations that attract tourists. However, these scenic locations also contain the agricultural landscape. Consequently, peasants are displaced from their homes and livelihoods to give way to tourism projects. With Nasugbu, Batangas as a study site, the paper employs critical landscape approach by examining the sociopolitical and economic relations between government officials, private tourism developers, and farmer residents that take place in its agricultural and tourism landscapes. Through interviews with various stakeholders and examination of state policies, infrastructure, and resources, the study reveals that the combination of the decentralized power of the local government units and the dynamics between government and private sectors (political patronage and through corporate social responsibility) boost the government’s agenda of making tourism work for the economy. The paper posits that the kind of development that arises from the shared landscape of tourism and agriculture is contested development.

This paper calls for an interdisciplinary approach to policy formulation regarding the language of education in the Philippines. It has been long agreed upon that for the students to comprehend pieces of information, the medium of instruction is important. Continually shifting policies among three important languages has born different outcomes. However, given their high linguistic diversity, communities in the Philippines have become even more multilingual and multicultural. Constant and rigorous dynamics among the members of these communities has made some of these policies démodé since most of their research database has been exclusively between education and language studies. The bases for the formulation of policies on the language of the education system are the test-results-based outcomes on learning based on experimental settings and sometimes on the advocacies of particular groups. There is indeed a call for other perspectives from different fields and methodologies to contribute to the formulation of the language policy. It is on this note that this study attempts to integrate different social sciences in (re)discovering methodologies toward the possible encompassing determination, or non-determination, of medium(s) of instruction.

We present a survey of contributions that defined the nature and extent of robust statistics for the last 50 years. From the pioneering work of Tukey, Huber, and Hampel that focused on robust location parameter estimation, we presented various generalizations of these estimation procedures that cover a wide variety of models and data analysis methods. Among these extensions, we present linear models, clustered and dependent observations, times series data, binary and discrete data, models for spatial data, nonparametric methods, and forward search methods for outliers. We also present the current interest in robust statistics and conclude with suggestions on the possible future direction of this area for statistical science.

"Pangunahing layunin ng proyektong ito na patunayang maibabahagi ang bunga ng mga saliksik sa iba't ibang larang ng kaalaman sa daluyan ng wikang Filipino. Dalawa ang direksiyon ng pagbabahaging ito: ang katipunang ito ng mga salin sa wikang Filipino ng mga abstrak ng mga saliksik, at ang serye ng mga panayam na sa wikang Filipino ng mga saliksik."

Mula sa pasasaoriblema sa konsepto ng sining, tinatahak ng diskusyon ng textbuk na ito ang mahalagang aspekto ng sining at ang proseso ng pagbuo at pagbago nito sa kamay ng tao at lipunang binubuo at binabago rin ng sin ing. Ang aspekto ng anyo, wika, produksiyon at pamana ng sining ay itinatanghal bilang mahahalagang salik sa pagsisiyasat sa sining at sa komplikadong ugnayan nito sa lipunan.