Publications

The Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso (1835 – 1909) is the single-most important figure in the founding of criminology and the study of aberrant conduct in the human sciences. The Cesare Lombroso Handbook brings together essays by leading Lombroso scholars and is divided into four main parts, each focusing on a major theme. Part one examines the range and scope of Lombroso’s thinking; the mimetic quality of Lombroso; his texts and their interpretation. The second part explores why his ideas, such as born criminology and atavistic criminals, had such broad appeal. Developing this, the third section considers the manners in which Lombroso’s ideas spread across borders; cultural, linguistic, political and disciplinary, by including essays on the science and literature of opera, ‘La donna delinquente’ and ‘Jewish criminality’. The final part investigates examples of where, and when, his influence extended and explores the reception of Lombroso in the UK, USA, France, China, Spain and the Philippines. This text presents interdisciplinary work on Lombroso from academics engaged in social history, history of ideas, law and criminology, social studies of science, gender studies, cultural studies and Jewish studies. It will be of interest to scholars, students and the general reader alike.

Space is the integration of the physical and social realms. The existence of the physical space is driven by the function assigned to it by the society. This phenomenon has been observed recently in the impending changes on Hambil, or Carabao Island, one of the islands of Romblon situated at the south of Tablas Island and north of Boracay Island, the hub for international visitors.

Carabao Island has attributes that can be considered "natural" to the area. The tourism department of the country has recently declared Hambil as the next Boracay, given the potential destinations. Recent developments on the island and its nearby waters have received different feedbacks from the residents of Carabao Island, mostly in a positive light because of the prospects of alternative sources of income.

Nevertheless, the Hambilanons are adamant in preserving the beauty of their island landscape; they have witnessed and learned from what they perceive as degradation of Boracay Island. Communal efforts have been undertaken to develop policies before the development of the land for commercial purposes. Such policies include those that involve their landscape such as forest reserves, space allocation on residential and commercial areas, and fish sanctuaries. So as to preserve the landscape that is engraved into a Bisayan culture of the Hambilanons, collaborative effort and communal solidarity are apparent to the members of the community. The aesthetics of the coastal landscape is appreciated through its inherent features and also its role for the subsistence of the community.

Nonparametric procedures based on the bootstrap were developed for testing two assumptions in a spatial-temporal model, i.e., constant temporal effect across locations/spatial units and constant spatial effect over time. Simulation studies indicate that the procedures can correctly verify the assumptions for reasonably sized data. Presence of spatial clustering can further improve the sensitivity of the test under non-constant spatial effect over time. Furthermore, the test procedure for constant spatial effect over time is robust to model misspecification.

The article discusses the concepts of kapwa and loob in the context of Philippine politics, particularly, in the relationship between the president and the citizens. The study examined the concepts of kapwa/pakikipagkapwa and how these have figured in the inaugural addresses and state of the nation speeches of the president from 1986 to 2013. As a contribution, the aforementioned concepts which are located within the scope of rhetorical politics are examined through the textual analysis of the speeches. There are different types and levels of relations between the president and the public as reflected in these speech acts. These types range from informing, to expressions of concern, and involvement. Pakikipagkapwa can be sensed in the speeches of the president together with some consistent patterns and tendencies in the interaction between the president and the public-at-large. These patterns are observable across time. On the other hand, it became difficult for the research to establish if indeed the kapwa/pakikipagkapwa of the president sufficiently indicated or reflected his loob/kalooban. Deficits in conceptual and theoretical standards of evaluation, methodology, and research designs that may be useful in investigating loob/kalooban remain to be resolved. This article concludes with an invitation to scholars to further discuss philosophical, methodological, and practical issues in order to widen the prospects of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research among Sikolohiyang Pilipino, Pilipinolohiya, and other Social Sciences.

How common are problems with condom use during sex? We examined Filipino men’s negative experiences with male condoms using data from a sample of 1,010 sexually active Filipino men ages 15 to 54 who participated in the 2003 National Demographic and Health Survey. Results indicated that majority (80%) of Filipino condom users reported no problems with condoms. Among those who did experience problems, the most frequently cited were: pleasure reduction, inconvenience of use, and spoiled mood. Having problems with condom use was associated with men’s increasing age and with subjective beliefs that condoms would diminish pleasure, but not with men’s socioeconomic status, educational attainment, knowledge of condoms’ disease-protective properties, or sexual- minority status. Subjective beliefs appear to be more important than sheer knowledge about the protection provided by condoms. These beliefs may serve to create negative expectations about condoms and later, to legitimize non-use.

This article puts Marxist and queer theories in conversation with one another to advance thinking about gender and sexuality. I argue that Marxist concepts such as class, mode of production, and struggle need to be “borrowed” to sharpen queer theory. My arguments are situated in the context of the Philippine literature that has examined the local queer experience. Such approach productively re-imagines contemporary discourses and performances of sexuality in Philippine society.

Guest Editor's Note: Filipino LGBT Psychology: Moving Beyond "Homosexual" Street Corners to Advancing Contemporary Visions Eric Julian Manalastas. Towards an LGBT-Inclusive Psychology: Reflecting on a Social Change Agenda for Philippine Psychology Mira Alexis P. Ofreneo. Exploring the Social Cognitive Dimensions of Sexual Prejudice in Filipinos Allan B. I. Bernardo. Further Validation of the Genderism and Transphobia Scale in the Philippines Raymond Aquino Macapagal. Ang Rosas ng Rehab: A Filipino Gay Child in Conflict With the Law Housed in a Youth Center Salvacion L. Villafuerte. Developing and Managing One's Sexual Identity: Coming Out Stories of Waray Gay Adolescents Pierce S. Docena. Exploring Sexual Minority Men and Their Sexual Roles: Understanding Risky Sexual Behaviors through Subjective Norms and Attitudes Moniq M. Muyargas. Comparing Relationship Satisfaction and Conflict Resolution Tactics of Filipino Gay, Lesbian, and Heterosexual Individuals in Romantic Relationships Niel Steve M. Kintanar. Babaeng Bakla: Friendships between Women and Gay Men in the Philippines Beatriz A. Torre & Eric Julian Manalastas. The Role of Broadcast Media in Attitude Change: A Pilot Study on a Campus-Based Radio Program and its LGBT Advocacy Jose Antonio R. Clemente, Cherrie Joy F. Billedo & Clarissa C. David.

This paper explores links between young men’s sexual orientation and suicide risk in the Philippines, to replicate findings in the global lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) psychology literature. I analyzed data from the men’s subsample of the Young Adult Fertility and Sexuality Survey 3, a national population-based study of 8,042 Filipino men ages 15 to 24. Significant disparities in suicide risk along sexual orientation were found among male youth, with Filipino gay and bisexual men reporting higher levels of suicide ideation, but not suicide attempt. The odds for suicide ideation was more than two times greater among young same-sex attracted Filipino men compared to heterosexuals (OR = 2.09; 95% CI 1.50-2.93). These effects were partly accounted for by depression, recent suicide attempt of a friend, and experiences of threat and victimization. Similar to findings in the global LGBT psychology literature, this analysis – the first to do so in the Philippine context – indicates that sexual orientation appears to be significantly associated with suicide risk, with young Filipino gay and bisexual Filipino men at disproportionately higher risk for suicide ideation than heterosexual peers.

Key political events in late 2009 and early 2010 brought to national consciousness the marginalization and ongoing struggle for equality and rights of Filipinos who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. We argue that one pathway to achieve legal empowerment and equal human rights for LGBT Filipinos is collective action that leads to social change and the reduction of inequalities. Using analytic perspectives from critical citizenship studies, social psychology, and LGBT studies, we examined collective action in the form of advocating for LGBT human rights in the Philippines. Using a peer-nomination procedure with participating organizations in the 2009 LGBT Manila Pride March, we identified key actors in the pursuit of social justice and equal rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Filipinos. In-depth qualitative interviews with nine LGBT human rights defenders delved into their pathways to participation in advocacy work, subjective experiences in and motivations for LGBT activism, and reflections on the meanings of LGBT activism in the Philippines. Our findings highlight key themes in the personal narratives of Filipino LGBT human rights defenders, including actions for LGBT human rights activism, the perceived benefits and costs of being an LGBT activist in the Philippines, the centrality of self-identification as an “activist”, evolving motivations and commitment for engaging in LGBT human rights work, and constructions of future selves in and out of activism. These narratives were lived out in the context of dominant human rights claims pursued by the Filipino LGBT movement in relation to Philippine law and legal policy, particularly freedom from discrimination, political representation and participation in the legislative sphere, and marriage equality.