
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minjeong Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mayzonee Ligaray</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yongsung Kwon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soobin Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangsoo Baek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JongCheol Pyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gahyun Baek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jingyeong Shin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaai Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changsoo Lee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Mo Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyung Hwa Cho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Designing a marine outfall to reduce microbial risk on a recreational beach: Field experiment and modeling</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Hazardous Materials</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124587</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">409</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124587</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/marine-outfall&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about marine outfall from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;marine outfall&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;can be a&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/wastewater-management&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about wastewater management from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;wastewater management&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;system that discharges sewage and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/stormwater&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about stormwater from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;stormwater&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;into the sea; hence, it is a source of microbial pollution on recreational beaches, including antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), which lead to an increase in untreatable diseases. In this regard, a marine outfall must be efficiently located to mitigate these risks. This study aimed to 1) investigate the spatiotemporal variability of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;E&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;coli&lt;/em&gt;) and ARGs on a recreational beach and 2) design marine outfalls to reduce microbial risks. For this purpose,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and ARGs with influential environmental variables were intensively monitored on Gwangalli beach, South Korea in this study.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/environmental-fluid-dynamics&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about Environmental fluid dynamic from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;Environmental fluid dynamic&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;code (EFDC) was used and calibrated using the monitoring data, and 12 outfall extension scenarios were explored (6 locations at 2 depths). The results revealed that repositioning the marine outfall can significantly reduce the concentrations of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and ARGs on the beach by 46–99%. Offshore extended outfalls at the bottom of the sea reduced concentrations of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and ARGs on the beach more effectively than onshore outfalls at the sea surface. These findings could be helpful in establishing microbial pollution management plans at recreational beaches in the future.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>