
@book {4844,
	title = {Going digital in Asia},
	year = {2026},
	pages = {166},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	abstract = {
	This book explores the transformative impact of digital technology across diverse Asian communities and social contexts. From economic empowerment initiatives to environmental advocacy, the seven chapters provide critical analysis of how digital media shapes contemporary Asian societies.



	This book explores key themes including digital economic empowerment of marginalised communities, environmental journalism and agenda-setting, content diversity in broadcasting, feminist discourse on social media, children{\textquoteright}s digital content ecology, youth engagement with reality television, and healthcare communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Each chapter offers insights into how digital technologies are reshaping social structures, economic opportunities, and cultural practices across the region. The collection demonstrates both the democratising potential and the challenges of digital transformation in Asian contexts.



	This volume will be essential reading for scholars and practitioners in media studies, digital sociology, Asian studies, and communication policy. It provides valuable insights for researchers examining digital transformation, policymakers developing technology strategies, and educators teaching about media and society in the digital age. This book was originally published as a special issue of Media Asia.

},
	url = {https://www.routledge.com/Going-Digital-in-Asia/Arao/p/book/9781041251651},
	editor = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {4843,
	title = {Media and conflicts in Asia},
	year = {2026},
	pages = {148},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	abstract = {
	This comprehensive collection examines the complex relationship between media and conflict across diverse Asian contexts, offering critical insights into how news coverage shapes public understanding of violence, protest, and social tensions.



	From domestic violence reporting in China to the framing of political upheaval in Iran, the six research studies reveal how media narratives both reflect and influence conflict dynamics across the region. The volume demonstrates how different media systems{\textemdash} from hyperlocal digital platforms in India to international news outlets covering Kazakhstan{\textemdash} employ distinct framing strategies that impact audience perceptions and policy responses. It analyses the role of technology in conflict reporting, examines accessibility challenges for persons with disabilities in media consumption, and explores how digital stressors affect contemporary news engagement. Each study employs rigorous methodological approaches including comparative content analysis and validation of measurement instruments.



	This work is essential reading for postgraduate courses in media studies, international relations, and Asian studies programmes, providing both theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence for understanding media{\textquoteright}s role in contemporary conflicts. This book was originally published as a special issue of Media Asia.

},
	url = {https://www.routledge.com/Media-and-Conflicts-in-Asia/Arao/p/book/9781041251422},
	editor = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {4842,
	title = {Dimensions of media in Asia},
	year = {2026},
	pages = {142},
	publisher = {Routledge},
	organization = {Routledge},
	abstract = {
	This book examines the evolving landscape of media across Asia, offering critical insights into contemporary challenges facing journalism, digital communication, and media representation in the region. Drawing from six rigorous research studies, the volume explores diverse dimensions of Asian media systems, from authoritarian resistance strategies to digital platform dynamics.



	The book provides empirical analysis of key media phenomena, including journalistic resistance in authoritarian contexts, public health communication framing in China, the emergence of podcasting in India, Japanese cosmetic brand strategies on Chinese social media, smart home technology adoption patterns, and gender representation in Indonesian digital news. This volume will serve as an essential resource for understanding contemporary media dynamics in Asia. It will particularly benefit those studying comparative media systems, digital communication strategies, and the intersection of technology, culture, and society in Asian contexts.



	This book was originally published as a special issue of Media Asia.

},
	url = {https://www.routledge.com/Dimensions-of-Media-in-Asia/Arao/p/book/9781041251996},
	editor = {D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {4767,
	title = {Introduction: What the future holds for the media in Asia},
	booktitle = {Future of media in Asia: Artificial intelligence, digital technology and media practice},
	year = {2025},
	pages = {1-10},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {
	
		This chapter gives an overview of the media systems in Asia focusing on the issues and challenges related to artificial intelligence, digital technology and media practice. This also presents the state of research on the future of media and explains how this book helps contribute to the existing body of knowledge on future studies. The last part discusses the chapters that comprise this book and addresses the question as to what the future holds for the media in Asia. By examining various dimensions within the context of the future of media in Asia, the studies contained in this book contribute valuable insights to the dynamic discourse on future studies, at the same time offering a nuanced understanding of the possibilities that await the Asian media.
	

},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-95770-3_1},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {4766,
	title = {Future of media in Asia: Artificial intelligence, digital technology and media practice},
	year = {2025},
	pages = {XVII, 206},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {
	
		One of a series of titles on the Futures of Asia, {\textquotedblleft}Future of Media in Asia{\textquotedblright} explores diverse facets of Asia{\textquoteright}s media landscape during the transformative 2020s, offering insights into pivotal transformations and potential trajectories. The covered topics include artificial intelligence, digital technology and media practice. Examining the topics from corporate foresight and past-future to technological trends and environmental shifts, this book showcases a collaborative effort from multidisciplinary researchers navigating the complexities of forecasting and envisioning Asia{\textquoteright}s media futures. This book offers valuable insights to the dynamic discourse on future studies, while offering a nuanced understanding of the possibilities that lie ahead of Asia as well as deciphering Asia{\textquoteright}s evolving impact and roles within the broader global context. An insightful read for scholars with an interest in Asian media and future studies.
	

},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-95770-3},
	editor = {D. A. Arao and Lim, W. M. and Cheong, H. F.}
}
@book {4753,
	title = {Journalism and culture of impunity in the Philippines},
	year = {2024},
	pages = {272},
	publisher = {Digitale Bibliothek Th{\"u}ringen},
	organization = {Digitale Bibliothek Th{\"u}ringen},
	address = {Technische Universit{\"a}t Ilmenau},
	abstract = {
	The study aims to analyze how journalism and culture of impunity affect each other, focusing on the situation in the Philippines which is said to be one of the freest presses in Asia but is, ironically, one of the most murderous places in the world to practice journalism. This is timely because almost 200 journalists and media workers in the Philippines have been killed in the line of duty since 1986 with the ouster of the dictator Ferdinand Marcos. Aside from the prospects of being killed for doing their jobs, they also face harassment and intimidation particularly from the government and its supporters. While there had been studies on journalism globally, there is a dearth of research on culture of impunity. There is also not much research on the alternative media (also called non-profit or independent media) especially in the Philippines. This study addresses the research gap by focusing on these under-researched aspects, mindful that journalism and culture of impunity should be analyzed in the context of both dominant media (also called corporate media) and alternative media. For this thesis, the researcher used a mixed-method approach composed of indepth interviews with and a nationwide survey of Filipino journalists. In analyzing journalism and culture of impunity in the Philippines, the thesis hopes to make sense of the reality and provide recommendations on what could be done to help end impunity. The results of the interviews and survey show that journalism and culture of impunity affect each other in several ways. Much as the chilling effect is apparent, there exists a culture of resistance where journalists and media workers fight back not just in seeking justice for their colleagues (especially those who were killed) but also in defending press freedom from those who repress the media. Harassment and intimidation are apparent, a major form of which is red-tagging where journalists, media workers and news media organizations are accused by government and its supporters of being communists or terrorists, thus endangering their safety and security. The study contributes to the discourse on journalism and culture of impunity by providing theoretical, empirical and normative bases for analyzing the prevailing reality. Its research model could be used in analyzing journalism and culture of impunity in other countries, particularly in areas where journalists and media workers are in danger.

},
	url = {https://www.db-thueringen.de/receive/dbt_mods_00063375},
	author = {Arao, Danilo Ara{\~n}a}
}
@article {4573,
	title = {Fighting as remembering: Continuing LVT{\textquoteright}s journalism lessons},
	journal = {Luis V Teodoro Legacy Lectures},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2024},
	pages = {42-50},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {4138,
	title = {A Filipino journalist{\textquoteright}s guide to human rights reporting},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {63},
	publisher = {Bulatlat and Alipato Media Center, Inc.},
	organization = {Bulatlat and Alipato Media Center, Inc.},
	abstract = {This publication is part of the {\textquotedblleft}Advancing human rights reporting in the Philippines as a tool for upholding gender fairness, democracy and accountability{\textquotedblright} project by Bulatlat through its publisher, the Alipato Media Center Inc. The project is supported by the German Embassy in Manila.},
	url = {https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdq0S_L3OHeJFTPfdqqPzuafKbk9uINT6XdxiKrWDRLSSG5vQ/viewform},
	editor = {Olea, R. V. and D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {Arao2023,
	title = {Cross-border journalism in Southeast Asia},
	booktitle = {The Palgrave handbook of cross-border journalism},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {461{\textendash}471},
	publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan},
	organization = {Palgrave Macmillan},
	abstract = {The diversity of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) extends to the media systems of its 10 member states. Cross-border journalism should explore various themes that transcend such diversity. Given the prevailing culture of impunity, this chapter proposes that journalists covering the ASEAN consider the state of media as a topic for collaborative research. Special attention should be given to the various forms of harassment and intimidation faced by ASEAN-based journalists and media workers, including work-related killings. This kind of research may branch out to other dimensions like human rights violations across the population, along with their political and economic situations. The ASEAN indeed remains a newsworthy topic and diversity should not get in the way of practicing cross-border journalism.},
	isbn = {978-3-031-23023-3},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-23023-3_29},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23023-3_29},
	author = {Arao, Danilo Ara{\~n}a},
	editor = {Rothenberger, Liane and L{\"o}ffelholz, Martin and Weaver, David H.}
}
@inbook {2476,
	title = {Preface: Digital security as safety training and media literacy},
	booktitle = {Digital security policy and guidelines for Filipino journalists},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {1},
	publisher = {Internews, Alipato Media Center, and Bulatlat},
	organization = {Internews, Alipato Media Center, and Bulatlat},
	abstract = {Arao, D. A. (2020, October). Preface: Digital security as safety training and media literacy. In R. V. Olea (Ed.), Digital security policy and guidelines for Filipino journalists (p. 1). Internews, Alipato Media Center, and Bulatlat.},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A},
	editor = {Olea, Ronalyn V.}
}
@book {2418,
	title = {Obhetibong kritisismo: Mula Arroyo hanggang Aquino},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {224},
	publisher = {Sentro ng Wikang Filipino, UP Diliman},
	organization = {Sentro ng Wikang Filipino, UP Diliman},
	abstract = {Ang librong ito ay koleksiyon ng limampu{\textquoteright}t dalawang sanaysay na sinulat sa buong taon ng 2010 na lumabas sa kolum kong Konteksto sa alternatibong publikasyong Pinoy Weekly. Mainam na balik-balikan ang mga artikulong ito para malaman ang konteksto ng maraming problemang kinakaharap ng bayan, at kung ano ang papel ng pagpapalit ng administrasyong Arroyo at Aquino sa pagresolba sa mga ito.},
	url = {https://swfupdiliman.org/download/obhetibong-kritisismo-arao/},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {1899,
	title = {Globalization, deregulation, and quality of education in the Philippines},
	booktitle = {Education for a globalizing Asia: Challenges and opportunities},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {112-125},
	publisher = {Ateneo de Manila University Press},
	organization = {Ateneo de Manila University Press},
	abstract = {"Education for a Globalizing Asia: Challenges and Opportunities\&nbsp;is a collection of papers and commentaries on the varying effects of globalization on education systems in Asia. It focuses on institutional, curricular and procedural changes that these education systems underwent to promote global competitiveness. Western models of education reform, observes the book, provide impetus for these changes, modification that revolve around strategies meant to enhance instruction, research and education governance. While gains from these changes are apparent, this collection also highlights difficulties that Asian educational institutions continue to confront as they seek better policies and processes and vie for higher rankings. The strong and almost exclusive emphasis on North American and Western European rubics of excellence, the lack of inclusivity, and the growing corporatization of schools are some of the most notable unintended consequences of internalization that merit further study. Warranting attention as well is the absence of alternative paradigms that acknowledge cultural, economic and political diversity, and plurarity of perspectives on internalization. It is hoped that a more nuanced understanding of Asian experiences reform can be obtained through this book." (From the Ateneo de Manila University Press website)},
	url = {http://ateneo.edu/ateneopress/product/education-globalizing-asia-challenges-and-opportunities},
	author = {D. A. Arao},
	editor = {E. N. P. Leviste}
}
@book {1073,
	title = {Kuro-kuro},
	year = {2015},
	publisher = {Flipside Publishing},
	organization = {Flipside Publishing},
	address = {Mandaluyong},
	abstract = {Composed of 40 essays written in Filipino, the book is divided into six chapters: Muni-muni (Reflection); Pera-pera (Money); Bola-bola (Deception); Bali-balita (News); Buhay-buhay (Life); at Suroy-suroy (Sightseeing). Arao said that there is a reason for composing the book{\textquoteright}s title and chapter titles in a way that certain words in Filipino are repeated twice. "Kailangan kasing gamitin ang pag-uulit ng ilang salita sa wikang Filipino para idiin ang isang mahalagang bagay --- patong-patong ang mga problemang kinakaharap ng ating mga mamamayan (There is a need to repeat certain words in the Filipino language to stress an important matter --- there is a plethora of problems being faced by the people)," he said.},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Danilo_Arao/publication/280252314_Kuro-kuro/links/5f5253f492851c250b8fa325/Kuro-kuro},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {908,
	title = {Bagong midya at responsableng paggamit ng teknolohiya},
	booktitle = {Media at lipunan},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {349-366},
	publisher = {UP Press},
	organization = {UP Press},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {907,
	title = {Blogging and journalism in the Philippines: Journalistic blogging for the people},
	booktitle = {Media at lipunan},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {153-161},
	publisher = {UP Press},
	organization = {UP Press},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {4239,
	title = {Hay, Naku! 2013: Pagsusuma ng isang peryodista},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Pinoy Media Center (print) \& Flipside Publishing (e-book)},
	organization = {Pinoy Media Center (print) \& Flipside Publishing (e-book)},
	address = {Quezon City \& Mandaluyong},
	abstract = {
	Titled Hay, Naku! 2013: Pagsusuma ng Isang Peryodista, the book is authored by Danilo Ara{\~n}a Arao. It is a collection of essays he wrote for Pinoy Weekly in 2013. The articles are divided into 11 chapters on language, propaganda, media, history, elections, law, culture, politics, education, tragedy and mass action. An e-book version is available at http://flipreads.com/hay-naku-2013.

},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Danilo_Arao/publication/280252103_Hay_Naku_2013_Pagsusuma_ng_Isang_Peryodista/links/5f52541da6fdcc9879caab71/Hay-Naku-2013-Pagsusuma-ng-Isang-Peryodista},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {4028,
	title = {Korea},
	booktitle = {Like/Unlike: Kwentong Facebook status at politika ng agam-agam},
	year = {2014},
	publisher = {Flipside},
	organization = {Flipside},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {150,
	title = {Hay, buhay! Reklamong todo-todo mula sa nag-aalboroto},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {UP Press},
	organization = {UP Press},
	address = {Quezon City},
	abstract = {
	Published by the UP Press after undergoing a strict review process, the book consists of 55 essays in Filipino written from 2006 to 2009. The essays are critical commentaries on activism, language, culture, politics, elections and economics, as well as driving and motorcycling. There are also personal essays included in this collection.

},
	url = {http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2012/07/20/up-press-launches-araos-hay-buhay-book-11-others/},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {125,
	title = {Kon(tra)teksto: Pag-uungkat, pag-uulat at pagmumulat},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {De La Salle University Publishing House},
	organization = {De La Salle University Publishing House},
	address = {Manila},
	abstract = {
	Published by DLSU and Central Books Supply, the book contains 50 essays in Filipino focusing on journalism, media, education, politics and economics. There are also personal essays included in the book.

},
	url = {http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2012/05/31/dlsu-launches-araos-kontrateksto-book-131-others-on-june-11/},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {154,
	title = {Saysay ng pagkakaugnay-ugnay: Mga sanaysay ng pagninilay-nilay},
	year = {2012},
	publisher = {UST Publishing House},
	organization = {UST Publishing House},
	address = {Manila},
	abstract = {The book contains essays on various topics like journalism, media, communication, politics, economics, culture, technology, blogging and web authoring. While most of the essays are written in the Philippines, the book also includes those written during the author{\textquoteright}s stay in Indonesia and South Korea.},
	url = {http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2012/08/05/journalism-educator-launches-three-books-in-filipino-on-august-16/},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {127,
	title = {The ASEAN guide: A journalist{\textquoteright}s handbook to regional integration in Southeast Asia},
	year = {2011},
	publisher = {International Institute for Journalism-GIZ},
	organization = {International Institute for Journalism-GIZ},
	address = {Berlin},
	abstract = {Co-authors Martin Loffelholz and Danilo Arana Arao say the book gives a practical explanation of how journalists should tackle issues pertinent to the region when reporting on Asean. (quoted from a book review published on May 6, 2011 in The Jakarta Globe, http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/home/handbook-ajournalists-guide-to-penetrating-aseans-veil/439322)},
	author = {L{\"o}ffelholz, Martin and Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {148,
	title = {The CMFR monitor of the news media coverage of the 2010 campaign and elections},
	year = {2011},
	publisher = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility},
	organization = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility},
	address = {Makati City},
	url = {http://www.cmfr-phil.org/2011/02/14/cmfr-releases-report-on-news-media-coverage-of-2010-campaign-and-elections/},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A project leader}
}
@book {126,
	title = {Global makeover: Media and culture in Asia},
	year = {2010},
	publisher = {AMCF \& DCAAP},
	organization = {AMCF \& DCAAP},
	address = {Seoul, KR \& Quezon City, PHL},
	abstract = {
	Titled Global Makeover: Media and Culture in Asia, the more than 200-page book consists of 11 articles that provide an in-depth look at how media operate due to various influences, as well as how culture gets shaped by media systems, technological developments and other factors...(The book) is edited by Danilo Ara{\~n}a Arao, a journalist and assistant professor at the UP College of Mass Communication. (Quoted from http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2011/01/20/new-book-analyzes-global-makeover/)

},
	url = {http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2011/01/20/new-book-analyzes-global-makeover/},
	editor = {D. A. Arao}
}
@inbook {128,
	title = {Globalizing the UP General Education program},
	booktitle = {Serve the people: Ang kasaysayan ng radikal na kilusan sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {316-318},
	publisher = {IBON Books},
	organization = {IBON Books},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {138,
	title = {The CMFR monitor news media coverage of the 2007 national elections},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR)},
	organization = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR)},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A coordinator}
}
@inbook {131,
	title = {Deregulation at the expense of quality education},
	booktitle = {Mula tore patungong palengke: Neoliberal education in the Philippines},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {IBON Books},
	organization = {IBON Books},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@inbook {132,
	title = {Elections, personality politics and the mass media},
	booktitle = {Oligarchic politics: Elections and the party-list system in the Philippines},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {CenPEG Books},
	organization = {CenPEG Books},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {130,
	title = {Monitoring media coverage of elections: A Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR) guidebook},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR)},
	organization = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR)},
	address = {Makati City},
	abstract = {This guidebook, the final component of CMFR{\textquoteright}s media monitor of news media coverage of the 2007 elections{\textellipsis}is meant to serve as a companion to the actual training of media coverage researchers by individuals and groups experienced in media monitoring in the Philippine setting.},
	url = {http://risingsun.dannyarao.com/2007/11/09/monitoring-media-coverage-of-elections-already-available/},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A and Luis Teodoro and Hector Bryant Macale}
}
@inbook {129,
	title = {Selected mass media{\textquoteright}s reporting on corruption},
	booktitle = {Dissecting corruption: Philippine perspectives},
	year = {2007},
	publisher = {CenPEG Books},
	organization = {CenPEG Books},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A and Luis Teodoro and Evelyn Katigbak}
}
@inbook {133,
	title = {Tracing the roots of killings of journalists},
	booktitle = {Kontra-gahum: Academics against political killings},
	year = {2006},
	publisher = {IBON Books},
	organization = {IBON Books},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {139,
	title = {Citizens{\textquoteright} media monitor: A report on the campaign and elections coverage in the Philippines 2004},
	year = {2004},
	publisher = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR)},
	organization = {Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR)},
	address = {Makati City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A project leader}
}
@inbook {134,
	title = {The mass media in the 2004 elections},
	booktitle = {Subverting the people{\textquoteright}s will: The May 10, 2004 elections},
	year = {2004},
	publisher = {Ken Publishing},
	organization = {Ken Publishing},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@inbook {135,
	title = {The impact of the WTO on the Philippine cereals sector},
	booktitle = {The impact of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture},
	year = {2000},
	publisher = {IBON Foundation},
	organization = {IBON Foundation},
	address = {Manila},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@inbook {136,
	title = {Oily conspiracy},
	booktitle = {The best of Youngblood},
	year = {1998},
	publisher = {Anvil Publishing \& Philippine Daily Inquirer},
	organization = {Anvil Publishing \& Philippine Daily Inquirer},
	address = {Manila},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A}
}
@book {137,
	title = {The electronic trail: Computer-assisted research and reporting in the Philippines},
	year = {1997},
	publisher = {Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ)},
	organization = {Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ)},
	address = {Manila},
	abstract = {This is a finalist in the 1997 National Book Award for Journalism. To quote from the PCIJ website, "This book provides reader-friendly guides to using available computer software and maximizing the use of electronic databases, online libraries, email, newsgroups, electronic bulletin boards, listservs, and of course, the land of promise called the World Wide Web."},
	author = {Arao, Danilo A and Yvonne Chua and Alecks Pabico}
}
@book {1384,
	title = {Statistical handbook on provincial quality of life indicators},
	year = {1994},
	pages = {258},
	publisher = {Council for People{\textquoteright}s Development (CPD) \& Philippines-Canada Human Resource Development Program (PCHRD)},
	organization = {Council for People{\textquoteright}s Development (CPD) \& Philippines-Canada Human Resource Development Program (PCHRD)},
	address = {Quezon City},
	abstract = {Experience has shown the dearth of government data when we need them most. Important statistics most of the time are national in scope and do not give a breakdown at the provincial level. This handbook was therefore produced in an attempt to fill the vacuum. The handbook is divided into nine major headings where provincial statistics are presented according to topic. There are variations in the presentation of the provinces, depending on the year the statistics were gathered. As a result, some tables do not incorporate the establishment of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) and new province3s like Guimaras, Saranggani and Biliran. The handbook is edited by Danilo Ara{\~n}a Arao. (ISBN IS 971-8849-02-5)},
	editor = {D. A. Arao}
}
@book {1532,
	title = {Resource manual on NGO-managed fund mechanisms},
	year = {1992},
	publisher = {Caucus of Development NGO Networks (CODE-NGO) and Transnational Institute},
	organization = {Caucus of Development NGO Networks (CODE-NGO) and Transnational Institute},
	address = {Quezon City},
	author = {Arao, D. and Lacambra, J.},
	editor = {Aldaba, F. and Arao, D. and Gonzales, E. and Lacambra, J. and Oliveros, R. and Rocamora, J.}
}
